The Nine Laws of Persuasion

There are nine distinct laws of persuasion that govern the human decision-making process. While these laws of persuasion do not universally apply to everyone, they do apply to the greater majority of people that you will encounter. To become a great persuader and to influence people with your communication, you will need to master these nine laws of persuasion.
Persuasion Law #1: The Law of Scarcity
The law of scarcity states that when a person perceives that something or someone they want is in limited quantity, then the perceived value of that which they desire is greater than if it were overly abundant.
Example: If I went to a party with my girlfriend and she picked up an interest in talking to other guys there instead of me, then my interest and perceived value in my girlfriend would increase dramatically because of the implied scarcity that I have attached to her.
Persuasion Law #2: The Law of Reciprocity
The law of reciprocity states that if a persons gives another person something or performs a service of perceived value, then that other person will be so inclined as to give something back of equal value.
Example: If my neighbors invited me over to their house for dinner, then I would be inclined to return the favor by inviting them out to dinner at a later time.
Persuasion Law #3: The Law of Association
The law of association states that people are more likely to accept, try, purchase, or like things which are endorsed by other people we like or have respect for.
Example: Commercial producers always want to use high profile celebrities to endorse their products or services because the majority of the public will associate the celebrity's popularity with that product and boost sales.
Persuasion Law #4: The Law of Contrast
The law of contrast states that when two items or people are different from each other, we tend to see them as even more different if they are place close together.
Example: I was at a major electronics retailer recently and was purchasing a laptop for $1000. After I committed myself to the purchase, the salesperson offered me an insurance policy for an additional $150 dollars. Afterall, $150 is a small amount compared to the $1000 that I just put down. Fast food restaurants use the same tactic of contrast when they ask you if you want to "super size" your meal for only a buck extra.
Persuasion Law #5: The Law of Expectancy
The law of expectancy states that when a person whom you respect expects you to produce a certain result, then you will tend to work towards fulfilling that expectation, whether the end result is positive or negative.
Example: There was a case that I remember in a hospital where an outpatient was being treated for a minor, non-life threatening ailment, and somehow the patient charts were switched on the poor guy. The doctor came in and looked at the charts and told the otherwise healthy patient that at best he only had a day to live. That guy died the next day.
Persuasion Law #6: The Law of Consistency
The law of consistency states that when an individual announces, either verbally or in writing, that they are taking a position on an issue, then that person will strongly defend that position regardless of its validity or even in the face of overwhelming evidence against it.
Example: When former President Clinton denied that he had "sexual relations" with white house intern Monica Lewinsky, he aggressively defended it despite the fact that the majority of Americans were convinced he had cheated on the first lady and should just own up to it.
Persuasion Law #7: The Law of Power
People who are perceived to have greater strength, fame, expertise, or authority have power over other people who accept this perception of that person.
Example: A doctor has a great amount of perceived power over a patient because of their extensive training. Their word is usually gospel.
Persuasion Law #8: The Law of Friends
The law of friends states that when someone you trust or like asks you to do something, you are strongly motivated to fulfill that request.
Example: If an attractive girl asked a single and available guy for a favor, then that guy would be strongly motivated to fulfill her request.
Persuasion Law #9: The Law of Conformity
The law of conformity states that an individual is more likely to agree to proposals that are well received by the majority of other people in their group.
Example: At a company meeting the CEO asks for a show of hands who likes the new idea. Approximately 85% of the meeting participants raise their hands. John Doe also raises his hand, not because he liked the idea, but because he felt the pressure to conform with the majority of the group.

Tristan Loo is the Founder of the Synergy Institute, a Personal Development Firm based out of San Diego. Tristan is a former police officer, personal development coach, conflict negotiator, and author. Visit the Synergy Institute Website

Want to Work for Homeland Security? Get a Law Enforcement Degree

By: Bailey Smith
The Department of Homeland Security is always hiring qualified people who hold a law enforcement degree to help protect the US from attacks. A Law Enforcement degree or a Criminal Justice degree is usually required to work even in a support capacity in the Department of Homeland Security. A Law Enforcement degree will qualify you to become a police officer, security officer, corrections officer or a probation officer. A Law Enforcement Degree combined with other specialized training can also make you qualified to work in more advanced area of Homeland Security or counter terrorism like computer forensics and other technical areas of specialization. Getting a Law Enforcement degree is a very good idea if you want to work in any field related to Security, Law Enforcement, Corrections, or Criminal Justice because even though people who don't have a Law Enforcement degree can work in many support roles in the Law Enforcement field if you want to have a lifelong Law Enforcement career you will need at least a Law Enforcement degree and probably more specialized education and training if you want to have a long and successful career in Law Enforcement. Homeland Security agents and other Law Enforcement personnel are usually allowed to work at an entry level security job as long as they are actively pursuing a Law Enforcement degree so even if you don't have a Law Enforcement degree yet you can usually still work for the Department of Homeland Security while you earn a Law Enforcement Degree.

A Law Enforcement degree can also be the basis for more advanced study of criminals and Criminal Justice. If you want to be a criminal psychologist or a forensic tech or a medical examiner you can use a Law Enforcement degree to learn the basics of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice and then learn more about your chosen area of study later on. A Law Enforcement degree is a practical degree to have because if you have a Law Enforcement degree you will almost always be able to find a job of some kind, especially in security or as a police officer. You can even study for a Law Enforcement degree online so that you don't have to try and arrange for time off from your current job to attend class. You can attend classes online at night and on weekends. Working online for a Law Enforcement degree you can work at your own pace and take as many or as few classes at a time as you feel comfortable with. If you are the type of student that works well independently and works at a fast pace you can finish a Law Enforcement degree fairly quickly. On the other hand if you need a lot of one on one attention and you work more slowly than some other people do you can get take the time that you need and get that one on one attention you need online more easily than you can in a traditional classroom setting.

About author:
Bailey Smith writes about online law enforcement degree . Visit http://criminal-justice.mountainstate.edu/ to more about online law enforcement degree

 

The Lie Behind The Secret: Truth To Manifesting Using Law of Attraction

By: Judith Wentzel
Do you feel you understand the law of attraction but just don't seem to be getting the things you desire? Are you frustrated? Do you manifest some things but not others? The truth is you most likely have not been taught the "key" principle to using law of attraction the way it was intended to be used and not the way most practitioners are currently teaching it.

You may have studied the law of attraction, read law of attraction books, and may have seen the movie "The Secret". After all your study, you probably have applied each and every step you have learned but something isn't working. Things aren't appearing in your life as you expected.

Instead of happily manifesting everything you desire you find yourself frustrated. You start doubting yourself. You begin to feel as though you are doing it wrong or the law of attraction just doesn't work.

Perhaps you are able to manifest some things here and there but cannot find that perfect combination to allow you to consistently bring to you those things you desire.

Here's a news flash. There is a great lie behind using law of attraction as it has been traditionally taught. In "The Secret" you are led to believe you simply focus on a desire and "poof" it will appear into your life. This has misled many people. Many law of attraction teachers have been trained to teach law of attraction in this manner. It is not their fault; they just either don't get it or have totally bought into the myth playing out in this fashion.

Whether you are able to manifest on a hit and miss scenario or not at all, the fault lies in the manner in which you have been taught about the law of attraction. The movie "The Secret" leads most people to assume that all you have to do is merely focus on those things you desire and they will eventually come into your life. A perfect example is the scene in which a woman gazes into a jewelry store window at a beautiful necklace. In another scene you see her wearing that very necklace. You are led to believe she simply focused on having that necklace and she manifested it into her life. That in itself will set you up for a major disappointment!

I spent thousands of dollars studying the law of attraction, taking classes, buying books, enrolling in teleseminars and all of them were telling me the same old song and dance. I have been able to manifest some great things but not on a consistent basis. There seemed to be a trend to my manifesting but I could not put my finger on it at first. I prayed and asked for guidance and after several long months, guidance came and so did the answer.

Through my recent studies, I learned that the law of attraction is not a physical law and is not based on quantum physics as is traditionally taught. The law of attraction is a spiritual law, freely given to all by God. It is based on love. Through this law we are given things (our desires) through serving others. If you are using the law of attraction strictly for your own personal gain, you will gain little to nothing from it. This is most likely why you have had this hit or miss type of manifesting experience.

Recently, I had someone ask me how to use the law of attraction in his life and business. Among the things he desired was a beautiful woman, a large house, wealth and many customers. I asked him what the goal and purpose behind his business was. His reply came very quickly. It was to make money. When we discussed how law of attraction works based on and serving others, which in this case would be his customers, his true desire was still focused on the end result which was the money. I recommended a book for him to read and suggested he do an exercise that would allow him to evaluate the goals he had for four areas of his life and the reasons for each of them. Focusing on his health, home, business, and relationships would hopefully give him some insight on what he wanted and why. Until he could move his focus onto serving others and away from himself and the money, he would have little success with using the law of attraction.

As long as your focus is strictly self serving, the law of attraction will offer you little in the way of generating your desires. You may see some greedy, self serving people who have wealth. Imagine how much wealthier they would be and how many great things they could have done if their focus had been on serving others instead of their own selves!

When you are in business and focusing on providing the best service possible to your customers, clients, patients, etc. you will manifest more customers, clients, patients, etc. which in turn will bring you greater income through the growth of your business. You will find your life transformed. There will be more joy in your day. You will gain referrals and opportunities will open to you that will offer greater expansion of your business, service, and income.

So, re-evaluate the current manner in which you are practicing the law of attraction. Are you using it as a self serving tool or as a means to help others? By helping to improve the lives of others, you will far exceed your manifestation expectations through the law of attraction.

Try it for yourself and see. You will love the results, and so will those you serve.

Judith A. Wentzel, CTACC, EFT-ADV, Life Coach, specializing in law of attraction & EFT educates, liberates, & empowers clients, enabling them to transform their life or business. Transform the quality of your life from fine to FANTASTIC! www.UsingLawOfAttraction.com

A Critical View of the Law of Attraction and Quantum Theory

By: Paul Warren 
The law of attraction which claims itself to be a law, fails to justify itself on the grounds of falsifiability, that is, "the logical possibility that an assertion can be shown as false by an observation or a physical experiment".

Falsifiability implies that if a certain condition applies to a situation, or a person, an inference may be drawn out of it and the same condition may not apply to all other similar situations or persons. For example, a man who is dark skinned is Asian. This does not mean that all dark skinned men are Asian or that all Asians are dark skinned. The law of attraction takes a few incidents where people have tasted success, and attempts to apply the same philosophy to all situations.

When judged by many scientific testing parameters the law fails to live up to its logical quotient. This means that the claims brought by the theory are unable to give an exact relation between the thought process and the results. The cause and effect relation, as posited, often overlooks the probable deterring factors or differences in circumstances. The theory makes a hypothetical study of human nature and draws out the inference, by frequent and repeated reference to a few instances, some of which may also be coincidences.

Modern believers in the law of attraction are of opinion that the theory originates from quantum physics, in its treatment of thoughts as atoms.
According to theories in quantum physics, the world is composed of countless atoms. Each of these atoms is charged with energy and is interchangeable, i.e. they can be used to influence each other and are open for infinite changes. This explains a sense of dynamism of thought. The law of attraction speaks on somewhat similar lines as quantum physics in terms of thought as energy atoms.

Following the example of quantum physics, the law supposes the human mind to be composed of thoughts. Each of these thoughts are like charged atoms which are capable of generating enormous power. The law of attraction, going further along the lines of quantum physics, points out, that since energy and matter are interchangeable and can be utilized for good results, the human mind, which is also open to changes, helps us in molding the situations in our life to shape our reality.

According to quantum physics atoms have energy and are drawn towards atoms with similar energy composition. So following that principle, the law of attraction states that thoughts like atoms are drawn towards same kind of thoughts. Thus, the law of attraction points out that "like attracts like". This explains how thoughts relating to ones goal attract thoughts centering on the ways to achieve it, eventually attracting thoughts of reaching the goal.

Again, quantum physics points out that everything has potential and nothing is fixed, which means, if our goal is fixed, there are a number of ways to achieve it. In the same way, the law of attraction points out that if we are focused over what we want to achieve, nothing can prevent us from reaching it. Thus, quantum physics also speaks of what the law of attraction referred to as fending off negative thought through thinking.

Though the law of attraction bears similarity with quantum physics in many ways, it is not a scientific law, in the true sense of the term. The law of attraction is more a part of pseudoscience and a gathering of spiritual philosophies to gauge the power of human mind. Quantum physics may be considered a concrete means of explaining what the law of attraction aims at propagating.

The references to quantum physics made by the law of attraction are mostly incorrect. The proposition that thoughts, like atoms have energy fields is not a proven fact in science. The principles of thought, as supposed by the law of attraction, underline certain beliefs that are true in some cases and may be followed as example. Many of its credos have a hypothetical explanation, often attaching magical imagination. The law of attraction is mostly refined pseudoscience and has very less to do with concrete scientific truth.

Among the spiritual circles, the law of attraction is criticized strongly because of its attempts to hold individual ego and self will at unity with the higher self. The two are contradictory and cannot operate in synergy. On the other hand, the law of attraction which emphasizes repeatedly the inner consciousness and spiritual integrity makes a generalized statement; it overlooks the diversified collective mind and treats the single as the many.

The law of attraction refers to abundance. The theory explains profundity as feeling of happiness. The question is, why the law of attraction, (which is capable of resolving every situation), is unable to solve the problem of inequality of wealth? Moreover, the law of attraction aims at abundance, taking into account, there is enough for all and one only has to find his share of prosperity. The theory wants us to believe in a truth which hardly exists. The law of attraction does not delve deep enough to consider the societies or cultures where it cannot operate likewise.

The law of attraction, no doubt, is an inspiring theory dealing with the unrealized powers of mind. However, the theory appears too generalized and often misses out on external factors which may not be within the minds reach.

For more information on the Law of Attraction and 100 FREE wealth creation e-books visit Paul Warren's websites The Wisdom of Wealth.com and http://www.mymillionairebuddy.com." />mymillionairebuddy.com Also find other articles by Paul Warren at http://health-information-articles.com" /> health-information-articles.com

How to Get a Law Dissertation Done in 3 Hours?

By: David Lee
In a law dissertation there are more burdens placed because law abides by dictates of a formal controlling agency. Law dissertations require the supporting evidence and straightforward presentation of facts. Information from precedents is researched which is then compared to the presented case that are collected for the present exposition assessment draws out the differences and similarities of both studies. It is important that the resulting analyses should be explained in a logical sequence.
Laws and regulations affect all aspects of our society. And laws vary in each country or state. The application of appropriate regulations and case laws should never be compromised on. Take the case of a UK law dissertation or a dissertation law Scotland topic, some issues and laws may be similar but not all. Commonwealth states have a group in ordinary as far as their laws are alarmed. A law dissertation AUK or degree dissertation law topic of Australia may share a lot in common.
Criminal Law dissertations should have a Law dissertation title and should always prove the reasons. Competition dissertation law, dissertation law medical or dissertation guard must all go after the procedure of lawful study. A law dissertation has to be observed cautiously and must not diverge from the law dissertation topic. This requires the researcher to explore what the case is all about. Facts should be examined exhaustively before any dissertation question can be framed up. It is also important to locate sources for relevant cases, statutes, and regulations in order to exhaustively dissect the problem question. Most prominently, a time-frame has to be practical when preparing law dissertations; so timelines have to be allotted sensibly for study, analysis, writing, evaluating and reviewing the lawful dissertation.
A research may require, for example, the identification, and clarification of an important subject in international contract law. A dissertation euthanasia law must involve hypothetical and theoretical structure of the study. Since there are different specializations in Law, there are different approaches in the presentation of the argument.

David Lee is well known in education field. He is doing research on online education. David Lee wrote many articles to highlight online universities to provide help to online students. To check my client site visit here Law dissertation topic | Criminal law dissertation | Law dissertation.

The Law of Attraction and Money

By: Dr Self Help
You may have been hearing more and more recently about the so called "Law of Attraction". If not you may have heard of Jerry and Esther Hicks and Abraham, popularised on the Oprah Show.

What got my attention was that what was being said actually had a lot in common with some of my latest readings on quantum physics. These readings suggested that at a quantum level the very act of observering an event changes the event. So we are actually having a vibrational effect on our environment simply by observing it.
For those of you not familiar with the Law of Attraction that Hicks and Abraham have popularised I will provide a VERY simply description.

What is the Law of Attraction
The idea is that there is a Law of Attraction, a fundamental Law of the Universe which amongst other things makes like attract like. We interact with this law and create things that weay or may not want in our lives simply by thinking or focusing on them in a particular way. This is sometimes referred to as manifesting or using the law of attraction or creating your reality.

The Law of Attraction, Money and Happiness
Of course for many people the first thing that they want to use the Law of Attraction for is money and happiness. When it comes to the Law of Attraction, money and happiness understandable are on top of the adgenda.

To really understand how the Law of Attraction and money interact it's most important to understand that the law of attraction is just that. A law, it doesn't change, it is very consistant. However we change and our intreptation of what is happening to us changes also. This can lead to a cycle were poor thinking, begets poor experience, which in turn leads back to poor thinking. This reminds one of the phrase "the poor get poorer whilst the rich get richer".


Immediate Use Law of Attraction Money Tips
The first immediate use law of attraction money tip is therefore to simply to focus on gratitude for what is good financially now. This will eventually lead to a thought that makes your feel a little better, follow that thought until you find another that makes you feel a little better still and so on. This will improve your vibrational state regarding whatever is happening financially.

The second is to stop often during the day and consciously try to think a thought that makes you feel a little better than you do currently. Sounds simple hey?

Daily Use Law of Attraction Money Tips
Setting aside time everyday for your Creative Workshop or Creative Period. A time (15-30mins) where you visualise the outcomes that you want to manifest in your everyday experience, focusing on feeling like those desired outcomes have already been achieved.

Long Term Use Law of Attraction, Money Tips
When planning over the longer term break down large financial tasks into smaller ones that will form the "next logical steps", one after another, from where you are now.

Spend "creative" time everyday focused on the feeling of having made it or having achieved the larger task. Spend more time everyday though focusing on the feeling of having just achieved that which is your next logical step forward from where you are now. In this way you are smoothing the pebbles from the road and ensuring logs don't fall up ahead.

Conclusion
As we have said, it is a law. The law of attraction; money, fame and fortune come to those who harness this law. We hope that the information above has helped refocus you on using the law of attraction in your life. Lastly we found a site that may be of interest to those who really want to immerse themselves in learning about the Law of Attraction. This is a site were three teachers featured on the movie "The Secret" will teach you The Science of Getting Rich. It seems a great way to learn about The Law of Attraction and Money

Dr Self Help is an internet researcher, specializing in the area of alternative solutions to common physical and mental health challenges. He spends his time tracking down the best information on the web...so you don't have to.

Taxation of the Foreign Natural Persons According to the Bulgarian Tax Legislation

By: NYD Law
From 1st of January 2008 the taxation of the natural persons has been amended in accordance with the EU regulations and the tax rate for the incomes was fixed to 10%.

The tax legislation in Bulgaria recognizes two types of Taxable Persons-local natural persons and foreign natural persons.

By law a foreign natural person is any person who has no permanent residence in Bulgaria and whose centre of vital interests is not situated in Bulgaria as well as a person who is not present within the territory of Bulgaria for a period exceeding 183 days in any twelve-month period.

Any foreign natural person shall be liable to pay tax in respect of any income acquired from sources inside the Republic of Bulgaria, including any income from rent or other provision for use of movable or immovable property.

However, there are some categories of income which are not subject to taxation. These are explicitly listed in the Income Taxes on Natural Persons Act. For example, taxation shall not apply to any income acquired during the tax year from the sale or exchange of:

• one residential immovable property, regardless of the date of acquisition of the said property;

• up to two immovable properties, as well as any number of agricultural and forest properties, provided that more than five years have elapsed between the date of acquisition and the date of sale or exchange

So, if a foreign natural person sales one immovable property during one financial year, the foreign natural person shall not be liable to pay tax for the received income regardless of the date of acquisition of the said property.

In relation to the above the taxation shall apply to the income which is not included in the list of Non-Taxable Incomes. The taxable incomes are for example the incomes from rent and from the sale or exchange of immovable property. For the purpose of determination of the annual amount of tax, first the received annual income from rent shall be reduced with 10 % fixed amount of expenses and the rest of the amount shall be multiplied with 10 % tax rate. The taxable income acquired from the sale or exchange of immovable property shall be determined by debiting the positive difference between the selling price and the cost of acquisition of any such property with 10 per cent expenses as the rest of the amount shall be multiplied with 10 % tax rate.

The non-resident natural persons (foreign persons) shall submit an annual tax return, completed in a standard form in respect of the income subject to levy of tax on the aggregate annual taxable amount.
The annual tax return shall be submitted on or before the 30th day of April of the year next succeeding the year of acquisition of the income.

When the income subject to levy of tax originates from rent and is paid by the management company, then the annual tax return shall be submitted by the management company not by the foreign person. Respectively, when the income from rent is paid by local natural person, then the foreign person who has received the income shall be liable to submit the annual tax return.

After the new amendments in the tax legislation the rate of final tax for the income of the natural persons and of the legal entities is 10 %.

However, the advantage of establishing of legal entity is that the expenses which have been made during the financial year are deducted from the annual income and the received amount is treated as a taxable profit. For example, if a foreign person is renting hisher property through a local company then all the expenses, which have been made for utilities, staff, etc. shall be deducted from the received income and the difference shall be taxed with 10 % rate.

When a foreign person receives an income as a natural person, then all the expenses which have been paid for utilities, staff, etc. shall not be deducted from the received income.

Having said the above, we hope that this article will be in assistance for any foreign person, who intends to invest in Bulgaria.

Where Did Our Business Laws and Regulations Come From - How Have They Changed?

By Lance Winslow

The Business Laws in our nation and our regulations have become so complex they seem to be choking the viability of not only our court system, but also adding layers of laws to companies to the point of suffocation.

The bureaucracy is not only in government, but it has reached all levels of business small, medium and large. Of course, some rules of the game are needed to help our economic machine with standardization.

But, with all the case law, written laws and lawsuits, the laws no longer serve the purpose of allowing business to know in advance what to expect or give them adequate measure to dictate policies within their companies.

One thing that I have noticed is that if you pick up an old business law book prior to 1940, well, there is no much in it. It's pretty simple and down to earth. When reading through the chapters you'll find that it all makes sense, it's all traceable and you can find meaning.

Today things are much different. I would advise any MBA student or individual looking to get into business law to read old business law books and text books. In fact, let me recommend a very good one to you that I have in my own personal library:

"A Text Book of Law and Business" by William H. Spencer; McGraw-Hill Book Company Incorporated; New York, NY; 1938.

If you ever find yourself asking the questions; 1.) Where Did Our Business Laws and Regulations Come From or; 2.) How Have Our Business Laws Changed Over the Years? Then just reading through this work will shed some light on the subject. So, think on it.

"Lance Winslow" - Lance Winslow's Bio. If you have innovative thoughts and unique perspectives, come think with Lance; http://www.WorldThinkTank.net/.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Lance_Winslow

Tags: Business Laws

New Bankruptcy Laws and the Crucial Changes

By Dale P. Stewart

With the recent economic downturn, seems like filing bankruptcy seems to be the only option people can think of. Strapped of cash and their jobs, and with dues and debts mounting, a lot more people are lining up to file the Chapters on their names. No wonder, the Federal Government has been forced to sit back and take corrective actions by making new bankruptcy laws.

No one would want a bankrupt state where more than 90% individuals go bankrupt. This possibly prompted the Federal Government to bring about a change in the laws of Chapter 7.

So, what is Chapter 7 Bankruptcy all about?

Understanding Chapter 7 Bankruptcy becomes of critical essence for you. An individual filing for Chapter 7 is relieved of all his debts and financial obligations. Once an individual is declared bankrupt under Chapter 7, creditors can no longer pursue efforts to extract their dues from the individual.

What are the New Bankruptcy laws about Chapter 7?

New bankruptcy laws have changed some statutes of Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. Find below some new bankruptcy laws given for your benefit.

Restricted eligibility for filing for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy

Earlier, you could decide which chapter you would wish to file for. With the new bankruptcy laws, your monthly income would be measured against the median income of the state. You could file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy, if your income is lesser than the median income of the state.

Means Test

The objective of the Means test is to determine if you have enough money to handle your financial obligations. Your income is taken into one hand, and all other expenses are subtracted from the income. The remaining amount is compared with a standard amount that is used as a benchmark.

If the amount in your case is below the benchmark amount, you could file for Chapter 7. Chapter 7 bankruptcy essentially means liquidation, under which all your assets would be liquidated off to pay the debts of your creditors. Chapter 13 bankruptcy is repayment. The new statutes of the Federal Government of the USA strive to get a lot of people who are lining up to file for Chapter 7, to file for Chapter 13. This allows creditors to claim their monies back from the borrowers in a legal manner.

Whether Chapter 7 or Chapter 13, filing for bankruptcy is not a milestone event at all for any individual! With credit scores destroyed par recognition, it is a long and hard battle for them to lift themselves up.

You need to know all about the new bankruptcy laws before you even consider filing for bankruptcy. Visit here to find out more: http://www.creditcardbankruptcyinfo.info/New-Bankruptcy-Laws.html

Find out if you even qualify to file for bankruptcy.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Dale_P._Stewart

Tags: Bankruptcy

Basic Laws of Electronics

By Jonnie Blaylock

Thanks to the physical laws of electronics, circuit analysis is very procedural. This is the second entry in a tutorial in basic electronics. The first entry covered basic electronic concepts such as voltage, current, and power. This session will cover Ohm's Law, and Kirchhoff's Laws of voltage and current. These are the fundamental laws needed for circuit analysis and design.

Resistors and Ohm's Law

Georg Simon Ohm was a German physicist that in 1826 experimentally determined most basic laws that relate to voltage and current for a resistor.

Ohm's law basically states that the resistance of a component (commonly a resistor) is equal to the voltage dropped over the resistor divided by the current going through it.

This law makes it relatively easy to find one of three values: voltage across a resistance, the resistance value itself, or the current flowing through the resistance (as long as the other two values are known).

Nodes, Branches, and Loops

These three concepts must be understood for basic circuit analysis. They help determine if components are in series or parallel and if the components share the same current or have the same voltage drops.

A branch represents a single circuit component such as a resistor or voltage source.

A node is a point where two or more branches connect.

A loop is any closed path in a circuit.

Elements are in series if they exclusively share a single node. Elements that are in series share the same current.

Elements are in parallel if they are connected to the same two nodes. Elements in parallel have the same voltage across them.

Kirchhoff's Laws

The first of Kirchhoff's Laws is Kirchhoff's current law (KCL). This law states that the sum of all current entering a node or enclosed area of a circuit is equal to zero. Simply put, current entering a node or area equals the current leaving the node or area.

The second of Kirchhoff's Laws is Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL). This law states that the sum of all voltages around a closed path or loop is equal to zero. Simply put, the sum of voltage drops equals the sum of voltage rises.

This is found by following the loop in one direction (the direction does not matter). If the positive terminal is hit first, the voltage is added. If the negative terminal is hit first, the voltage is subtracted. Together these values will equal zero.

Once all of the voltages are found, we can start the loop anywhere we want. I find it convenient to start at the negative terminal of a main voltage source. Since we hit a negative terminal first, we subtract it. Now we simply finish the loop and add the voltages together.

This law comes in very handy for analysis.

Basic DC Analysis

By combining Kirchhoff's voltage and current laws, basic DC circuits are relatively easy to analyze. Knowing that all voltages in a loop add up to zero and all currents entering a node, minus currents leaving a node also equals zero, most current and voltage values can be easily obtained.

If a loop contains one voltage source and multiple resistances, voltage division (eq. 1) should be used to find the value of voltage drops across the known resistances. Once the voltage across the known resistance is found, Ohm's law (eq. 2) can be used to determine the current flowing through the resistance.

Eq.1 Voltage Division:

((voltage source in volts) (resistor of interest in ohms))/(sum of resistance in loop)

Eq.2 Ohm's Law:

(voltage across a resistance) = (known resistance)(current flowing through resistance)

Keep in mind that resistors in series can be added to give total resistance between two nodes. The total resistance between two nodes that have resistors in parallel is found using eq. 3 below.

Eq. 3 Equivalent Resistance (Req) of Resistors in parallel:

Req = ((resistance in branch 1)(resistance in branch 2)) / (sum of resistances in both branches)

There is much more to be said about DC circuit analysis but most would go beyond the scope of this article. The purpose of this article is to give a basic understanding of the laws and concepts of basic electronics.

Other concepts that make DC circuit analysis easier are current division, mesh analysis, and nodal analysis. These techniques use the rules behind KVL, KCL, and Ohm's Law but would require a visual example for thorough explanation.

I hope that this short tutorial has been helpful to anyone who is new to the world of electronics either as a hobbyist or as a technician trying to learn electronics repair.

Jonnie Blaylock is an electronics technician with 7 years of experience. He helps junior technicians learn electronics repair.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Jonnie_Blaylock

Tags: Basic Laws

New Natural Gas Pipeline Excavation Laws

By C. Jent

Explosions caused by natural gas leaks are rare considering the 1.9 million miles of natural gas distribution pipeline in the United States. When they do happen they are often caused by damage from construction companies excavating a site for new construction or to repair existing construction.

In 2006 Congress passed legislation called the Pipeline Inspection, Protection, Enforcement, and Safety Act of 2006. The purpose of the legislation is to prevent excavation damage to natural gas pipelines through the enhanced us and improved enforcement of state One Call laws. One Call laws require excavators to contact the state One Call system prior to excavating to locate the underground pipe. The excavators are also required to report any damage or escape of gas caused by their digging.

The law provides funding and direction for the U.S. Department of Transportation's pipeline safety oversight programs and new funding to strengthen excavation damage prevention programs.

The Department of Transportation is responsible for enforcing the laws. Civil penalties are assessed. These civil penalties are not only assessed against excavation companies violating the One Call laws but also to any pipeline operator who does not respond to a request for information on a location or does not mark the pipeline location properly.

The new legislation also provides state grants for improvements to the damage prevention programs and for development of new technologies for prevention of excavation damage.

Studies show that natural gas pipelines have been the safest mode of transportation in the United States. The natural gas pipeline companies spend a large amount of their budgets making sure the pipelines run safely. They are constantly doing research and development to improve their infrastructure to increase the safety and reliability of their infrastructure. The new legislation also mandates the installation of excess flow valves on new service lines or on lines that have been entirely replaced that serve single-family homes.

Between 1986 and 2004 the number of accidents reported decreased by 28 per cent. Over 650,000 miles of pipeline were added during this period and the gas moving through the pipelines increased by 33 per cent. Companies like Triple Diamond Energy Corporation are focused on increasing the domestic supply of natural gas to support the increased demand.

Natural gas provides 25% of the energy used in the U.S. The White House, Pentagon and Capitol building all use natural gas for heating. Natural gas has been delivered via pipeline for over a century in the U.S. The cost of the new regulations to natural gas pipeline companies is significant. First year implementation were estimated to be approximately $0.036 per thousand cubic feet. The increased safety provided by this legislation far outweighs the additional expense incurred. Accidents are far more costly to natural gas pipeline companies than the additional expense of the requirements of the new law.

Chris Jent is the Chief Marketing Officer of Triple Diamond Energy Corp | Triple Diamond Energy specializes in acquiring the highest quality prime oil and gas properties. For more information, visit http://www.triplediamondenergycorp.blogspot.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=C._Jent

Tags: Excavation Laws

New York State Divorce Laws

By Ian Pennington

Divorce is and can be an arduous task, as with all other legal issues. On this matter, we will discuss about New York state divorce laws. The laws are unique in the sense that it differs from divorce laws in other states. Couples intending to file a divorce in New York should understand the laws concerning divorce filing.

New York does not have no-fault divorce as such. Instead, New York has its own version of a no-fault divorce. Under the New York state divorce laws, it requires the spouses to live separately for at least a year before the divorce can be filed. The parties involve must first execute what is known as a Separation Agreement. This Separation Agreement is to be filed at the local County Clerk before the one-year period can commence. The spouse suing for divorce must subsequently prove that he or she have performed the terms and conditions in the Separation Agreement to be entitled to file a divorce.

Besides the Separation Agreement, there are other grounds for divorce under the New York state divorce laws. Among them are:

• Residency Requirements. Under Domestic Relations Law §230, one of five requirements have to be fulfilled before the divorce can be filed.

• Serving the Summons and Complaint. Spouses suing for divorce must ensure that the court have jurisdiction over the defendant by ensuring a Summons and Complaint or a Summons with Notice can be served.

Finally yet importantly, a person has to satisfy one of six the grounds for divorce which are stipulated in Domestic Relations Law §170. These six grounds are:

• The defendant treating the plaintiff cruelly and in an inhuman manner, such as physical and verbal abuse.

• The abandonment of plaintiff by the defendant for a period of at least one year or more.

• The defendant being confined in prison of 3 years or more after the marriage has taken place

• Acts of adultery by the defendant. This refers to sexual acts and intercourse performed by the defendant with a third party other than the plaintiff after the marriage.

• The parties having lived apart in pursuant to a judgment or decree of separation of at least one or more years and substantial proof submitted by the plaintiff in fulfilling these conditions.

• The fulfilling of the Separation Agreement must be keen. This is the most common ground used by most people to secure a no-fault divorce. This is in accordance with both the plaintiff's fulfillment of the said conditions.

These are among the grounds that people can use in filing for divorce under New York State Divorce Laws. When in doubt, always engage the services of lawyers who are well versed in this field.

Ian Pennington is an accomplished niche website developer and author. To learn more about New York State divorce laws, please visit Divorce Info Online for current articles and discussions.

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Business & Corporate Laws Govern Business and Commercial Transactions

By Ashley Conner

Business and corporate laws are also respectively known as commercial and company laws. Both forms of law govern business and commercial transactions as well as the internal rules of business firms. Business laws refer to the laws involving contracts, sales, commercial paper, agency, and employment law among many others. Corporate law, on the other hand, studies the relation between businesses and consumers under the internal rules of the firm. Both provide the bodies of law that govern all business and corporate transactions whether in private or public.

Business law refers to the laws which are applied to business entities such as partnerships and corporations. These are used as reference when putting up businesses whether big or small - from sole proprietorship to corporation. Business laws specify how different business can be set up, how taxes apply to them, registrations, documentations and requirements; define different terms pertaining to business, making by-laws, and articles of organization among many others. These also provide the regulatory schemes on how commerce should be conducted.

Business law is applied to all sectors of businesses such as automotive, estate planning, health, law, intellectual property, litigation, employment and labor, business restructuring and business & corporate. It governs all business and commercial transactions whether private or public. Business law also covers other business issues such as starting, selling or buying other businesses, managing the business, dealing with employees and contracts to name a few.

Corporate law, on the other hand, involve the same laws and processes under business laws but have 5 defining characteristics which include:

• separate legal personality of the corporation
• limited liability of the shareholders
• transferrable shares
• delegated management
• investor ownership

These are all applied largely for corporations which are publicly owned. Corporate law is applied to protect both company and shareholders' rights especially if the corporation fails or is involved in legal matters. Corporate law can be traced back to the middle ages when medieval guilds were formed but not for common profit. It was also during this time that different forms of businesses such as partnership were developed.

Corporate law covers corporate governance that includes the corporate constitution, balance of power, corporate personality, capacity and powers, director's duties, and corporate litigation. All of these are vital for the application of corporate laws. In addition, this also involves how shares, liquidations and dealings should be handled as well as in cases of corporate crimes, mergers, acquisitions and insolvency of the company.

Both business & corporate laws involve the details, rules and regulations involved in setting up businesses, choosing legal structures, recruiting & hiring, financing, paying of taxes, dealing with consumers and shareholders, solving issues, dealing with business and corporate crimes, and regulating all aspects involving commercial and corporation by-laws.

Ashley Conner is a writer for Zipcodez.com, a widely-used local business listings search portal. Zipcodez.com also features an efficient job, movie, and restaurant search covering over 100 major cities nationwide. Ashley has covered useful topics and resources from "Arts & Entertainment" to "Wireless & Telecommunications" for Zipcodez.com. You can easily find out what convenient and useful resources are in your neighborhood by visiting http://www.zipcodez.com.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Ashley_Conner

Tags: Business and Commercial

International Laws For Laser Weapons

By Frank Smith

The ground work for the current international laws for laser weapons was laid back 1949 Geneva Convention. The Six Day war in the Middle East and the Vietnam war in the Far East received a lot of media attention, bring home to the public the gruesome reality of warfare. After these two wars, the opinion in many countries and organizations such as International Committee of the Red Cross/Red Crescent (ICRC) was that the 1949 Geneva Convention were inadequate for modern warfare and needed revising.

The four-sessions of Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts (Diplomatic Conference) were held between 1974 and 1977 to enactment two Additional Protocols (AP) to the 1949 Geneva Conventions. The two APs did not make any rules about specific weapons and mainly repeated customary prohibitions such as explosive ammunition and expanding dum dum bullets, which are capable of causing superfluous injury and unnecessary suffering to the victims.

During a 1979-1980 United Nations Summit in Geneva, a treaty and three protocols banning specific weapons was adopted. Later in 1995 a follow up review conference was held in Vienna. During this conference participants agreed to add a new Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons to the Geneva Convention.

This new protocol, Protocol IV states "It is prohibited to employ laser weapons specifically designed, as their sole combat function or as one of their combat functions, to cause permanent blindness to unenhanced vision, that is to the naked eye or to the eye with corrective eyesight devices..."

In simple terms, lasers that are designed to blind people were made illegal by international law.

Despite this law, many countries are investing billions in the research and production of laser weapons. For example the US has awarded multimillion dollar contracts to defense contractors such as Boeing and Northrop Grumman for the development, testing and production of laser weapons.

The countries producing laser weapons are using a loop hole in Protocol IV by stating their weapons are not designed specifically to blind and are there for legal. Blinding some one is much easier than killing them or destroying vehicles and even the most advanced laser weapon has limited capability so the future effectiveness of international laws on laser weapons remains to be seen.

Click here for Laser Safety Glasses

Frank is a laser expert from Dragonlasers - No 1 online store for green laser pointers & high power lasers.

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Tags: International Laws

The 11 Forgotten Laws - Missing Pieces of the Secret

By Adam Scotts
The law of attraction is an ancient concept that has been used by a select group of people since a few thousands years ago. It was only recently that it was being introduced to the world with the release of 'The Secret' movie. 'The Secret' is a success in term of uplifting the massive consciousness to a greater height; people are now more aware of the fact that the reality is shaped by them rather than the circumstances.

Although 'The Secret' has revealed to the world that the law of attraction is more of a science than a myth. but yet it doesn't solve 97% of the problem that we face at least in the States itself (Science is a system that can be duplicated). The economy has gone down tremendously this year and UCLA even predicted that in 2009, two millions people will be jobless, and that was too a conservative figure. So what went wrong?

People who have practiced the 'The Secret' diligently by following the 3 steps outlined (Step 1: Ask, Step 2: Believe and Step 3: Receive) failed miserably. Is 'The Secret' and the Law of Attraction just hype? The shocking truth is 'The Secret' is a pop culture fluff. Bob Proctor, one of the key persons featured in the film had admitted that. What you are getting is just the basic version of the Law of Attraction, call it Law of Attraction 101 if you prefer.

Bob Proctor together with Mary Morrissey have recently released "The 11 Forgotten Laws" to complete the law of attraction system. These missing pieces are the cause of 'The Secret' failure. By putting these principles into practice, you will be able to activate the attraction system completely.

The 11 Forgotten Laws are The Law of Thinking, The Law of Supply, The Law of Attraction, The Law of Receiving, The Law of Increase, The Law of Compensation, The Law of Non-Resistance, The Law of Forgiveness, The Law of Sacrifice, The Law of Obedience, and The Law of Success.

These 11 principles are the same principles that the whole universe was formed. What would you think these 11 laws can do for you when even the universe operates through it?

It doesn't matter if the economy is going up or down because you are not affected by it. The 11 forgotten laws will be your personal guide map that leads you to success and abundance. Imagine what it can do for you especially in the current financial turmoil!

Adam Scotts is a writer in the subject of Law of Attraction and recently he has done a review on one of the most controversy subject, "The 11 Forgotten Laws." You can read his reviews on the 11 Forgotten Laws at http://www.squidoo.com/the11ForgottenLawsReview For even more information, you can hop onto http://www.the11forgottenlaws.co.cc

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Tags: Missing Pieces

Law of Attraction Self Help - An 11 Forgotten Laws Guide For Success

By Julia Denham
If you're familiar with The Secret, you already know Bob Proctor, whose new law of attraction program, "The 11 Forgotten Laws" is creating lots of buzz because it's the perfect guide for your journey to success.

When you let The 11 Forgotten Laws guide your path, you'll enjoy the success in life, love, business, and family relationships that you've long dreamed of. You can have a storybook life when you learn to make these important laws work for you.

Here are two tips to guide you.

1. Live Your Life One Day at a Time, and Listen to the MP3 Files Each Day

The 11 Forgotten Laws is packed with information that's life-changing. When you hear a fresh insight, incorporate it into your life as quickly as you can. There is great wisdom in the program. Listen to it repeatedly until you "get it".

It's perfectly understandable and even human to have an off day every now and then. However, the Law of Attraction and other laws are working for you all the time, whether you know it or not. Use them to attract the right things into your life -- if you let them operate by default, success becomes a matter of luck, rather than certainty.

One missed day won't break you as long as you continue in your efforts to attract abundance, forgive others, "think" with more than just your brain, and open to receive the blessings that come your way.

2. Recognize and Celebrate the Manifestations of these Laws

Seeing the 11 Forgotten Laws in action is an amazing thing that should be celebrated. Learning gratitude is an important part of the process as is learning to celebrate with those who are going on the journey along with you. The successes along the way are worthy of celebration but sometimes they are small and may be overlooked. When you are looking for them; they are much easier to recognize.

Use these two tips, and the 11 Forgotten Laws will guide you to success before you know it.

Are you ready to begin your journey to success? Start with Julia Denham's law of attraction reviews, and then visit her law of attraction blog at http://loa-prosperity.com/

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Julia_Denham

Tags: Laws Guide

Discover the Missing Link - The 11 Forgotten Laws

By Bob Willoughby
The law of attraction is an age old concept that was used by a select few. Then the movie "The Secret" came out to reveal the law of attraction. Everyone jumped on the band wagon to spread the word. But everyone that taught or tried to learn "The Secret" was not successful. Seems as though there were some missing pieces. Bob Protor and Mary Morrissey have revealed "The 11 Forgotten Laws" to complete the system.

These missing pieces will make the law of attraction a complete and unstoppable force. A force that will turn your thoughts into reality faster than anyone could imagine.

The 11 Forgotten Laws are The Law of Thinking, The Law of Supply, The Law of Attraction, The Law of Receiving, The Law of Increase, The Law of Compensation, The Law of Non-Resistance, The Law of Forgiveness, The Law of Sacrifice, The Law of Obedience, and The Law of Success.

Once you apply these laws, everything that you desire will be yours. These are the missing pieces of the puzzle. Failure is not an option with this plan. Bob Proctor has once again proven that he is the "Master Thinker".

After the release of "The Secret", anyone who could build a web site suddenly became an expert. The problem with that is that some of the people who believed that soon found out that it was not true. They lost faith and thought that perhaps the law of attraction does not work. Now is the time when the law of attraction is needed the most. The law of attraction will help you financially, emotionally, and with your relationships.

There has never been a better "life course" than "The 11 Forgotten Laws". This system will take the law of attraction to the most extreme level. It is the last thing that you will ever need to achieve all of your goals.

As the rest of the world collapses, you could be the one that others look at in amazement as you have an abundance of money, health, and love. But you can not figure all this out on your own. You need the map. You need something to put you on course. Believe and you shall achieve!

To find out more about The 11 Forgotten Laws and how you can master them visit:

http://masteringthe11forgottenlaws.com/.

Take control of your future today.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Bob_Willoughby

Tags: Forgotten Laws

7 Cosmic Laws To Follow For Your Wishes To Come True

First Law
You must give in order to receive. This is one of the most important cosmic laws that you must remember and above all put into practice everyday. The Mystics call it the "Law of AMRA". Give generously to those who are less fortunate than yourself. A few coins, some belongings you do not need anymore but might be useful to someone else.

The Universe loves this kind of kind-hearted gesture and will reward your gift many times over. Money and material possessions need to circulate through you as a kind of intermediary. If you are too selfish, this hinders the circulation of the material possessions. If you do not give (even a small amount) the things that you yourself would like to receive, then somewhere it is likely to be blocked and not able to reach you.


Second Law
Your demand should remain in touch with reality. Do not try to claim something that already belongs to somebody else, or that your resources will not allow you to possess (unless you suddenly become a millionaire).

Third Law
Your demand should help others as well as yourself. A purely egoistical demand is never recognized by the Cosmic Powers.

Fourth Law
Your demand should genuinely fulfil a need of your own or of someone else. Wanting to have an object just to dazzle or impress is not approved of by the Cosmic Powers.

Fifth Law
Do not try to determine when and how your request will be granted. Only the Cosmic Powers know what timing and circumstances will be the most favourable to you.

Sixth Law
The time factor plays a very important role in the fulfillment of your request. Always be patient as you continue to express your desire to the Cosmic Powers. And be persistent, whatever obstacles you may encounter. It could well be that the Cosmic Powers want to put your faith and your perseverance to the test, before granting you your wish.

Seventh Law
Whenever you feel some kind of inspiration, a premonitory dream or any form of internal impression, act on it immediately. And likewise, if you notice any coincidences, or any kind of external signs that seem to be pointing to a solution or at least the beginnings of a solutions.

By: Mere T.

Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com

Mere T. is a spiritualist and a firm supporter of psychic Maria Duval.

Tags: law, laws, personal laws, lawsuite

In The Kingdom Of The Casino The Rules Are Like Laws

Laws on online gambling are real and as a matter of fact enforced more strongly as opposed to land based casinos. Now I know there are several ills of the internet and online casinos are seen as one however, this is not so. These online casinos take these laws on online gambling very seriously because there license would be taken away from them if they don’t. One thing you need to keep in mind there are laws for the owners of the online casinos websites as well as for us the players. Therefore if you do decide to participate online in a gambling casino you need to understand and follow all the rules otherwise you don’t get to participate.

The first of the laws on online gambling is the age limit. This would vary depending on the country/state in which you reside. When talking about age limit it’s usually 18 years and over however in some countries its 21 therefore you need to pay special attention to this because it is illegal and if you are caught you will be prosecuted. Even though the online gambling websites have permitted individuals who are under age to open accounts, fund a bankroll or play, they can use the information of their parents or fake information to access these online casinos, however once they are discovered they would be severely penalized.


The second of the laws on online gambling is the individual who wishes to participate in an online casino must have a bank account or a credit card. Every single online casino makers it mandatory that each player must create an account and the first deposit should be made using a third party system which verifies your bank account or credit card before you begin playing. Keep in mind also even if you send a check to an online casino to fund your account you need to wait until the check is cleared before you can begin playing. No online casino can legally accept the following two payment systems, Pay Pal and email-to-email. The third of the laws on online gambling is you need to own a computer to gamble at the majority of the trustworthy online casinos. This is so because you need to download the software before begin playing; therefore you can’t download stuff on someone else’s computer as this would be inconsiderate.

The fourth of the laws on online gambling is you need to read the terms and conditions of the particular online casino site you wish to play at before opening an account. Again majority of the reputable online casinos do not let you go any further until you have clicked the button which claims that you have read, understood and agrees to the terms and conditions of the website. Even though this is usually a long and tedious process you need to do it carefully as there are several hidden details that would be very beneficial to you. Keep in mind that it’s you money you are spending so you need to check out everything properly before actually investing it. In closing remember laws are put in place to maintain order in a situation and create a safe environment for individuals to participate in, therefore please try and follow all the rules and everything would flow smoothly.

By: Sarah Harrigan

Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com

Sarah Harrigan is a professional casino player and reviewer. For straight talking honest advice on online gambling casinos be sure to visit her website for comprehensive reviews on the best online casinos and winning casino strategies.

Tags: law, laws, personal laws, lawsuite

Car And Motor Vechile Accident, Law And Attorney

According to the National Highway Transportation and Safety Administration, an automobile
accident occurs every 10 seconds. These accidents account for the majority of personal injury
claims in the U.S. Car accident claims and lawsuits are probably the most common type of civil
tort case filed by attorneys today. Except in those states where legislation has been passed
doing away with fault as an issue car accident cases are litigated under general negligence
principles.

Auto Accident Attorney


An auto accident attorney is a legal professional who specialized in helping people who have
been in an auto accident. The expert services of an auto accident attorney can be valuable
in civil and criminal proceedings. An auto accident attorney can represent anyone who has
been involved in an accident, whether they were responsible for, or a victim in, the accident.

An auto accident attorney can help a person collect compensatory damages in a civil personal
injury, wrongful death, or property damage legal case. Through a personal injury case,
an auto accident attorney can help a victim seek relief for their medical expenses, loss of
income, disability, and pain and suffering. Through a property damage case, a person can seek
compensation for damage done to a vehicle, residence, or any other property. The services of
an auto accident attorney may also be extremely valuable in criminal cases.

After an auto accident, a series of accident reports may be filed with the police, insurance
companies, and department of motor vehicles. In some cases a police report is necessary.
In most, an insurance report is necessary. In some states a person must file a report with
the DMV within a certain period of time to avoid driver’s license sanctions. Every state
differs in their reporting requirements. An auto accident attorney can be very helpful in
protecting a person’s legal interests in accident reporting matters.

Auto Accident Laws

Auto accident laws are created and enforced differently in every state. For this reason,
it may be helpful to contact a qualified legal professional with questions about very
specific auto accident laws. Auto accident laws state that people involved in auto accidents
have a legal responsibility to stop, ensure safety and provide pertinent information to others
involved in the accident. After an accident it is important to collect all pertinent
information about the scene of the accident and those involved and any witnesses.

Causes of Auto Accidents

Negligence or willful actions on behalf of one party are often the causes of auto accidents.
Willful or malicious acts on behalf of one party are one of the major causes of auto
accidents. One of the major causes of auto accidents is drunk driving, or operating any
motor vehicle under the influence of drugs or alcohol. The causes of auto accidents can also
be attributed to a defective auto part, auto design, or auto maintenance. The causes of auto
accidents involving auto defect can include any of the following: defective door latches,
tires, fuel systems, air bags, seat backs, and seat belts, faulty ignition, and roof strength
deficiency. Defective fuel systems can cause fuel fed fires in auto accidents, which can
cause serious property damage, injury, and death in a vehicle accident. In some cases there
are external causes of auto accidents, such as poorly maintained roads or traffic signals.

Things to Remember if in a Auto Accident

First, anyone involved in an auto accident should try to remain calm so that any injuries
can be properly attended to and the damages evaluated. One of the most important things to
remember after an auto accident is not to discuss the accident with anyone but the police,
insurance company and legal counsel and to avoid admitting any type of fault or liability.
Lastly, call your insurance agent immediately so that the most accurate information is given
and any lapse in time for your claim being processed can potentially be reduced.

By: David Vtipil

Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com

David Vtipil operates www.AttorneysNC.com, the leading North Carolina Personal Injury and Prescription Drug Litigation firm - attorneysnc.com/pharmaceutical.html

Tags: law, laws, personal laws, lawsuite

Civil Laws On Brain Injury

The brain is an essential organ, which runs the physical, social, emotional and intellectual parts of humans. Once injured even in the slightest manner, it would definitely affect one’s life. In fact, brain injury is the leading cause of death and disability for adults and children in the United States.

According to statistics from Center for Disease Control and Prevention, nearly 1.9 million Americans suffer from different types of brain injuries annually. The most common of them are traumatic brain injury and acquired brain injury.


• Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - is a result from damage to brain tissue caused by an external force or blow to the head which interrupts the brain’s normal function. Common causes of TBI are acts of violence, motor vehicle accidents, falls, electric shocks and recreational injuries. Traumatic brain injury is also the leading cause of death worldwide.

• Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) – is caused from damage to the brain that can be acquired from birth. It may also be the cause of tumors, toxins, strokes, hypoxia, anoxia, near drowning or degenerative diseases. ABI can also occur when an abrupt or sudden physical attack damages the brain.

Symptoms of Brain Injuries

Symptoms of brain injury includes impaired vision, inability to communicate well, inability to understand spoken or written words, mood changes, slurred speech, insomnia, incapability to do simple tasks, seizure, vomiting or paralysis of any part of the body.
If you feel any of the abovementioned symptoms, you should seek medical attention right away to prevent your injury from getting worse, and to lessen the costs of treatment. There are also some instances when symptoms are not apparent but are in danger already. Hence, an immediate medical attention should be given importance.

Causes of Brain Injuries

Brain injuries can occur in various circumstances. Based on studies, leading causes are falls 28%, motor vehicle accidents 20%, struck by or against events 19% and assaults 11%.
Commonly, these accidents are a result of someone else’s negligence. And if you unfortunately became a victim of an accident which caused you to suffer a brain injury, you should file a brain injury claim against the negligent party, to get compensation for damages. With this, you will need the assistance of an expert lawyer who specializes in brain injuries.

Brain Injury Lawyer on Torts

Primarily, a brain injury lawyer could help you in dealing with your brain injury claim. He will assist you in proving the liability of the other party through establishing the civil laws and torts governing the situation, particularly the third party negligence.
Tort cases are the most common kind of civil court cases. Tort is a wrong conduct, which includes cases of negligence, intentional wrongs and liability. Here, the victim is entitled to receive compensation for the injuries or damages he incurred from the accident. It can be through medical care, economic compensation or any other means.
Torts are not the same as contract. It does not involve a violation of any agreed upon course of action. Rather, torts involve the failure to act in a manner usually expected for any given situation.

Every tort case should be established in three things:

1. You must prove that the defendant-or the injuring party is bound by a legal duty to act in a certain way.

2. You must show that the defendant breached his legal duty by failing to act in a right manner.

3. You must establish that you suffered injuries and losses due to defendant’s failure to act in a right way.

By: Darren Agaton

Article Directory: http://www.articledashboard.com

To help you pursue brain injury claims and other related issues, consult with our expert brain injury lawyers. Visit our website and avail of our free case assessment.

Tags: law, laws, personal laws, lawsuite

Immigration laws

By Eric Morris
Immigration laws are rules which govern the immigration practices of a country. The entire practice of migration must be in accordance with the immigration laws of the country. Immigration laws are intended to conduct immigration efficiently. They were introduced to control immigration. With the September 11 attack, countries have become more vigilant about illicit entries. Most countries have taken steps to practice immigration laws more stringently.

Immigration laws are formulated according to the immigration policy of the country. Each country has different perspective on immigration. The legal experts in the country formulate the laws according to the prevailing social and economic conditions. The foreign policy of the country also reflects in the immigration laws. The immigration laws are enacted by the legislative body of the country. Separate government bodies are entrusted to practice immigration laws. Usually the department of immigration regulates the immigration law.

Immigration laws define the legal duties and rights of those migrating. The laws detail about the circumstances under which immigration must be approved. The law specifies the eligibility of the immigrant. The person, who satisfies the regulations of the immigration law, only will get approval to enter the country. The obligation of the immigrants to the country is well defined in the laws. The immigration law specifies the measures to control the illegal immigrant. The laws are periodically revised by amendments according to requirements of the prevailing situation.

The formalities in the law are usually complex, for a common man. To avoid hassles in the proceedings of immigration, it is advised to consult experts in immigration law, while planning for immigration. Some government counsels offer free consultation in immigration laws. Online clarifications on immigration law are available from some Internet sites. The authenticity of the information has to be cross checked since the law is revised regularly. Official websites for immigration will be the best choice to gather information about immigration law.

Immigration provides detailed information on Immigration, Immigration Lawyers, Canadian Immigration, Immigration Attornies and more. Immigration is affiliated with Canada Immigration Lawyers.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Eric_Morris

Tags: law, laws, personal laws, lawsuite

Anti Smoke Laws Unfair Or Fair?

By Todd Lloyd
The anti smoke laws that are being put into law are increasing in number everyday. The effects of the law will be examined a little later. But you probably already know that second hand smoke is deadly. Not only to innocent bystanders but to the environment, your pets, and of course yourself.

It can be argued that the smoker has a better chance at not getting lung cancer, COPD (smokers cough) and such like because of the filtered cigarettes. That is malarkey. The filters on these cigarettes are nothing more than tightly bound toilet paper. Sure it may trap a few particles and carcinogens here and there. But, you'll likely develop some components of smokers disease. Whether its the productive cough, dried up lips and leather like skin or stained teeth. These are all merely precursors of what is underlying the diagnosis of the disease.

When my goes out to dinner, one of the most irritating things is for us to find the right restaurant and sit down to order. No sooner that 7 minutes later, my wife's lungs begin to twitch. We've got a rule now. Whenever we go out to eat or do anything, if the establishment is not smoke free we leave.

We developed this rule after she had to go to the emergency department for an asthma exacerbation. Whenever her asthma flares, my daughters asthma generally has a lagged response.

I am in favor of the anti smoke laws. Even though part of me sides with the business owners that argue this infringes on their ability to do a fair trade. This may or may not tip the hands in favor of your competitor. Yet the fact remains that you would not have a business without customers which are people. Protecting the rights of some while harming the health of others should not be a question of debate. You do what is right for the good of all. Which in this case is health. Without your health you have nothing in this life.

The jury is still out on whether these anti smoke laws will be effective or not. Some time down the road we may look at the long term health and mortality studies and conclude that these laws were just the right thing. Now this may or may not encourage some people to quit smoking. The choice is still up to them. But in the mean time as they come to some resolution within themselves, we should not be harmed by their liberties.

Most people can quit smoking today and save a ton of money. If you quit now you could take that $5 bucks a day you spend on smokes and go to Jamaica for $1800 bucks. Quitting is simple once you know how. CBT is a highly successful method involving Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. You can read a resource and get started today...

Todd D. Lloyd is a consumers health advocate the publishes the best eLetter about stop smoking tools. Get your free copy by sending an email to anti smoke laws You can view his blog about stop smoking tools to help quit today.

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The Law of Attraction Download - The 11 Forgotten Laws

By Julia Denham
Do you want to create a new and better life? Perhaps you've lost your job or are worried that you will, or just aren't living the life you want. If so, the law of attraction download, "The 11 Forgotten Laws" can help you to think differently, and to attract whatever you want.

Perhaps you've heard the buzz about Bob Proctor's new MP3 law of attraction program, The 11 Forgotten Laws. If The Secret was an appetizer, The 11 Forgotten Laws is the full meal. With this law of attraction download, you have everything you need to make deep, profound and long-lasting changes in your life.

Of course, when you're working with the law of attraction, you're not "working" at all. You're thinking differently; this makes all the difference. The life you want is drawn to you, exactly as you visualize.

Bob Proctor freely admits the much material was left out of The Secret movie. The Secret contained essential truths, but they were wrapped in so much glitz and glamor that they were hidden. The power was hinted at, rather than explained in full, so that the audience could use it.

With The 11 Forgotten Laws, you have everything you need to create the life you want and deserve. Since it's a download, you can start working with it immediately.

I've been working with The 11 Forgotten Laws for several weeks. Has my life changed? Although outwardly big changes have yet to manifest, inwardly my life has changed completely. I have a fresh confidence that doesn't fade. I enjoy my life, moment to moment, and of course, I expect -- and know -- that everything I visualize is already on its way to me.

Here's another benefit I've found: I appreciate my loved ones more, and they reciprocate. My happiness has flowed out to others.

Overall, I'm just more relaxed, although I'm more productive in my work and daily life.

If you're looking for a law of attraction download, investigate The 11 Forgotten Laws. Since it's downloadable as MP3 files, you can listen to the program on your iPod or any MP3 player, as well as at your computer.

Have you tried and failed with The Secret? Here's a breakthrough: the 11 Forgotten Laws. Complete training, with new, easy ways to bring prosperity and abundance into your life. Julia Denham has been working with the law of attraction for years; it works for her, when you discover the missing laws, it will work for you too. Visit her blog, The Law of Attraction and Prosperity at http://loa-prosperity.com/

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Jim Crow Laws

By Joseph Devine
The history of racism in the United States is known to virtually everyone who resides in the 50 states, as well those people who reside outside of the United States. Soon after their arrival in North America, immigrant settlers began importing slaves. Gradually, as the 13 colonies expanded and increasing amounts of slaves began to be brought over from Africa, settlers began more and more attached to slavery.

Because of the importance of slavery to people of the South, they were willing to secede from the Union, as they attempted to do in 1861, sparking the Civil War. After the South lost the Civil War and had to cease slavery, however, they were not willing to let blacks gain equal rights. As a result, the Southern states instituted a number of racist laws discriminating against blacks. These laws were called Jim Crow laws.

Jim Crow laws were first enacted in 1876. They sought to segregate blacks from white completely. Blacks and whites had different bathrooms. They had to use different water fountains. They had to sit at the back of buses. As time progressed, Jim Crow laws worsened. Many Southern states passed many laws effectively barring blacks from voting. For example, they instituted something called a Grandfather Clause, whereby for people to be allowed to vote, their grandfather had to vote. But because blacks' grandfathers could not vote, neither could the blacks during Jim Crow. Another law instituted by many Southern states was the literacy test, whereby voters had to be literate to to vote. But because almost all blacks could not read, they were prevented from voting.

Jim Crow laws lasted until 1965, when the Supreme Court effectively ruled them unconstitutional. But up until 1965, blacks had endured harsh treatment from whites. Blacks were lynched left and right. They were spat at, hosed, and cursed at. They suffered from inadequate social, political, and economic opportunities, and all of the discrimination was institutionalized based on heavy racism that whites possessed.

While racism has died down today and discriminatory and racist laws and practices are illegal, discrimination through at least subconscious racism still occurs. The effects of Jim Crow laws and racism have trickled down to the modern-day. Blacks tend to mix and mingle for the most part with another, and many people avoid them or have prejudiced or stereotyped views of them based in racist beliefs. Also, blacks often face discrimination in the workplace. They sometimes get passed up in favor of whites for promotion, for example.

For more information on discrimination against not only African-Americans but other groups as well, visit the website of Orange County employment discrimination lawyers of Perry Smith at http://www.orangecountyemploymentlawyers.com.

Joseph Devine

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